Title: Performance Prediction of Structural Capacitors Under Mechanical, Thermal and Environmental Loading Conditions

Authors: Rauhon Ahmed Shaik, Vamsee Vadlamudi, Rahman Jani Mazed, Deepak Shantaram Pisal, Rassel Raihan, and Kenneth Reifsnider

DOI: 10.33599/nasampe/c.19.0802

Abstract: Multifunctional lightweight engineering materials are much needed in our day to day life to achieve greener, safer and competitive products. The interest of using lightweight materials with energy storage capability in automotive, aerospace and defense are increasing in last decades. There have been many researches done that focus on how to improve charge storage capacity in these structural capacitors, but the literature on the performance prediction of these complex material systems in various operating conditions is very limited. These heterogeneous materials experience different mechanical, thermal and environmental loading due to which the energy storage capacity and mechanical performance evolve over time. Hence, it is important to characterize these engineered materials to find their durability under different loading conditions. This work presents the performance evaluation of dielectric structural capacitors (made using carbon fiber as electrodes and PET, PA, PC, Glass fiber and Paper as dielectric material manufactured by compression molding technique) under mechanical, thermal and environmental loading. Mechanical testing (quasi static loading) is used to quantify the changes in elastic modulus and mechanical strength, and Impedance spectroscopy is used to quantify the changes in the capacitance of these materials. Multifunctional performance of these structural capacitors will be discussed in detail in this paper.

References: [1] A. P. Mouritz, M. K. Bannister, P. J. Falzon, and K. H. Leong, “Review of applications for advanced three-dimensional fibre textile composites,” Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf., vol. 30, pp. 1445–1461, 1999. [2] J. Holbery and D. Houston, “Natural-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites in Automotive Applications,” J. Mater., vol. 58, no. November, pp. 80–86, 2006. [3] A. P. Mouritz, “Structural properties of z-pinned carbon-epoxy T-joints in hot-wet environment,” J. Compos. Mater., vol. 48, no. 23, pp. 2905–2914, 2014. [4] J. N. Myers, C. Zhang, K. W. Lee, J. Williamson, and Z. Chen, “Hygrothermal aging effects on buried molecular structures at epoxy interfaces,” Langmuir, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 165–171, 2014. [5] C. K.T, Gillen; R.L, “No Title,” in Handbook of Polymer Science and Technology, New York: Marcel Decker, 1989, p. 167. [6] Q. Wang, “Carbon fiber content measurement in composite,” The University of Alabama at Birmingham,ALABAMA, 2015. [7] B. K. Deka, A. Hazarika, J. Kim, Y. Park, and H. W. Park, “Recent development and challenges of multifunctional structural supercapacitors for automotive industries,” Int. J. ENERGY Res., vol. 41, no. January, pp. 1397–1411, 2017. [8] T. Carlson and L. E. Asp, “Composites : Part B Structural carbon fibre composite / PET capacitors – Effects of dielectric separator thickness,” Compos. Part B, vol. 49, pp. 16–21, 2013. [9] C. T, V. P, and M. S A, “Characterization and atomistic modeling of the effect of water absorption on the mechanical properties of thermoset polymers,” Acta Mech., vol. 229, no. 2, pp. 745–761, 2018. [10] D. Hayward, E. Hollins, P. Johncock, I. McEwan, R. A. Pethrick, and E. A. Pollock, “The cure and diffusion of water in halogen containing epoxy/amine thermosets,” Polymer (Guildf)., vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 1151–1168, 1997. [11] G. Z. Xiao, M. Delamar, and M. E. R. Shanahan, “Irreversible interactions between water and DGEBA/DDA epoxy resin during hygrothermal aging,” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 449–458, 2002. [12] J. Zhou and J. P. Lucas, “Hygrothermal effects of epoxy resin. Part I: the nature of water in epoxy,” Polymer (Guildf)., vol. 40, no. 20, pp. 5505–5512, 1999. [13] De’Nève, S. B., and M.E.R, “Water-absorption by an epoxy-resin and its effect on the mechanical-properties and infrared- spectra,” Polymer (Guildf)., vol. 34, pp. 458–465, 1993. [14] G. C. Papanicolaou, T. V. Kosmidou, A. S. Vatalis, and C. G. Delides, “Water absorption mechanism and some anomalous effects on the mechanical and viscoelastic behavior of an epoxy system,” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., vol. 99, no. 4, pp. 1328–1339, 2006. [15] Y. Weitsman, "Moisture in Composites: Sorption and Damage.” Fatigue of Composite Materials. Amsterdam, NL: Elsevier, 1990. [16] D. B. Dittenber, “Fatigue of Polymer Composites : Life Prediction and Environmental Effects,” West Virginia University, 2010. [17] K. Chan, B. Jia, H. Lin, N. Hameed, J. Lee, and K. Lau, “A critical review on multifunctional composites as structural capacitors for energy storage,” Compos. Struct., vol. 188, no. January, pp. 126–142, 2018. [18] A. M. Visco, N. Campo, and P. Cianciafara, “Composites : Part A Comparison of seawater absorption properties of thermoset resins based composites,” Compos. Part A, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 123–130, 2011. [19] J. Nicholas, M. Mohamed, G. S. Dhaliwal, S. Anandan, and K. Chandrashekhara, “Effects of accelerated environmental aging on glass fi ber reinforced thermoset polyurethane composites,” Compos. Part B, vol. 94, pp. 370–378, 2016. [20] ASTM-American Society for Testing and Materials, “ASTM D3039/D3039M: Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials,” Annu. B. ASTM Stand., pp. 1–13, 2014. [21] G. Z. Xiao and M. E. R. Shanahan, “Swelling of DGEBA/DDA epoxy resin during hygrothermal ageing,” Polymer (Guildf)., vol. 39, no. 14, pp. 3253–3260, 1998. [22] O. I. Okoli and G. F. Smith, “Failure modes of fibre reinforced composites: The effects of strain rate and fibre content,” J. Mater. Sci., vol. 33, no. 22, pp. 5415–5422, 1998. [23] D. L. Polis and M. F. Sovinski, “Determination of Fiber Volume in Carbon / Cyanate Ester Composites Using Thermogravimetric Analysis ( TGA ),” Nasa/Tm-2006-214143, vol. i, no. January, 2007.

Conference: CAMX 2019

Publication Date: 2019/09/23

SKU: TP19-0802

Pages: 15

Price: $30.00