Title: Enhanced Mechanical and Failure Characteristic of Woven Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Laminates Using Core-Shell Particles

Authors: Anurag Sharma, Sunil C. Joshi

DOI: 10.33599/nasampe/c.24.0259

Abstract: Thermoplastic composites have gained considerable prominence in the market due to their numerous advantages. Many research efforts have been made to enhance the performance of thermoplastic composites using fillers. The primary challenge associated with this field is the high melting temperature and high viscosity of thermoplastic polymer melt, which restrict filler dispersion within them. However, interlaminar filler reinforcement has been identified as one of the easiest and most practical techniques to disperse the filler in the thermoplastic polymer. In this study, core-shell particles (CSPs) were manually dispersed at the fiber interfaces using a sieve, and then thermoplastic composites were fabricated via the compression molding method. The effect of adding CSPs on the mechanical properties of carbon fiber-reinforced PA6 (CF-PA6) composites was investigated. It was found that the addition of 4wt% CSPs led to the maximum improvement of 59%, 26%, 42%, and 48% respectively, in flexural strength and modulus, interlaminar shear strength, and compression strength, compared to the pristine composites. Furthermore, microscope images of fractured surfaces confirmed that CSPs delayed the matrix crack propagation and had better interfacial interaction with the fiber and matrix. These findings can improve the mechanical properties of thermoplastic composites and would assist designers in using them in specific elastic tailoring structures.

References: [1] A. Sharma, and S. C. Joshi, ""Fiber-Reinforced Polyurethane Matrix Composites for Engineering Applications,"" Polyurethanes: Preparation, Properties, and Applications Volume 1: Fundamentals, pp. 101-118: ACS Publications, 2023. [2] S.-S. Yao, F.-L. Jin, K. Y. Rhee, D. Hui, and S.-J. Park, “Recent advances in carbon-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites: A review,” Composites Part B: Engineering, vol. 142, pp. 241-250, 2018. [3] H.-D. Nguyen-Tran, V.-T. Hoang, V.-T. Do, D.-M. Chun, and Y.-J. Yum, “Effect of multiwalled carbon nanotubes on the mechanical properties of carbon fiber-reinforced polyamide-6/polypropylene composites for lightweight automotive parts,” Materials, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 429, 2018. [4] L. Sang, Y. Wang, C. Wang, X. Peng, W. Hou, and L. Tong, “Moisture diffusion and damage characteristics of carbon fabric reinforced polyamide 6 laminates under hydrothermal aging,” Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, vol. 123, pp. 242-252, 2019. [5] Y. Ma, M. Ueda, T. Yokozeki, T. Sugahara, Y. Yang, and H. Hamada, “A comparative study of the mechanical properties and failure behavior of carbon fiber/epoxy and carbon fiber/polyamide 6 unidirectional composites,” Composite Structures, vol. 160, pp. 89-99, 2017. [6] Z. Jin, S. Sun, M. Liu, S. C. Joshi, Z. Han, Z. Zheng, and G. Qiang, “Forming method, crystallinity, and mechanical performance of buckypaper/carbon fiber/polyether ether ketone multi-scale thermoplastic composites,” High Performance Polymers, pp. 09540083231225000, 2024. [7] A. Sharma, and S. C. Joshi, “Enhancement in Fatigue Performance of FRP composites with various fillers: A review,” Composite Structures, pp. 116724, 2023. [8] J. Chen, T. Zhang, K. Wang, and Y. Zhao, “Multiscale enhancement behavior of nano‐silica modified CF/PEEK composites prepared by wet powder impregnation,” Polymer Composites, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 1187-1197, 2019. [9] L. Qiao, K. Zhu, H. Tan, X. Yan, L. Zheng, and S. Dong, “Effect of carbon nanotubes on the electrical, thermal, mechanical properties and crystallization behavior of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone composites,” Materials Research Express, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 045312, 2021. [10] Y. Su, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, Z. Zhao, and D. Jing, “Preparation and properties of carbon nanotubes/carbon fiber/poly (ether ether ketone) multiscale composites,” Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, vol. 108, pp. 89-98, 2018. [11] S. K. Bhudolia, G. Gohel, S. C. Joshi, and K. F. Leong, “Quasi-static indentation response of core-shell particle reinforced novel nccf/elium® composites at different feed rates,” Composites Communications, vol. 21, pp. 100383, 2020. [12] Z. Jin, S. Sun, S. C. Joshi, Z. Han, and H. Fu, “A chemically modified MWCNT/PEEK multiscale thermoplastic composites: Forming, mechanical performance, and application,” Polymer Composites, 2023. [13] L. F. Santos, B. Ribeiro, L. R. Hein, R. Alderliesten, D. Zarouchas, E. C. Botelho, and M. L. Costa, “The effect of temperature on fatigue strength of poly (ether‐imide)/multiwalled carbon nanotube/carbon fibers composites for aeronautical application,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 137, no. 39, pp. 49160, 2020. [14] Y. Di Boon, and S. C. Joshi, “A review of methods for improving interlaminar interfaces and fracture toughness of laminated composites,” Materials Today Communications, vol. 22, pp. 100830, 2020. [15] M. Ali, and S. C. Joshi, “Impact damage resistance of CFRP prepreg laminates with dispersed CSP particles into ply interfaces,” International Journal of Damage Mechanics, vol. 21, no. 8, pp. 1106-1127, 2012. [16] S. K. Bhudolia, G. Gohel, S. C. Joshi, and K. F. Leong, “Manufacturing optimization and experimental investigation of ex-situ core-shell particles toughened carbon/elium® thermoplastic composites,” Fibers and Polymers, vol. 22, pp. 1693-1703, 2021. [17] N. T. Phong, M. H. Gabr, L. H. Anh, V. M. Duc, A. Betti, K. Okubo, B. Chuong, and T. Fujii, “Improved fracture toughness and fatigue life of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite due to incorporation of rubber nanoparticles,” Journal of Materials Science, vol. 48, pp. 6039-6047, 2013. [18] S. K. Bhudolia, G. Gohel, S. C. Joshi, and K. F. Leong, “Vibration damping and dynamic mechanical attributes of core-shell particles modified glass epoxy prepregs cured using microwave irradiations,” Composites Communications, vol. 21, pp. 100412, 2020. [19] M. M. Ali, and S. C. Joshi, ""Optimal layup schemes with selective dispersion of core/shell microparticles in ply interfaces of glass/epoxy composite laminates for low velocity impact."" p. 012042. [20] S. A. Ngah, and A. C. Taylor, “Toughening performance of glass fibre composites with core–shell rubber and silica nanoparticle modified matrices,” Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, vol. 80, pp. 292-303, 2016. [21] W. Ignatius, “Fiber fraction in woven structures,” 2018. [22] A. Standard, “Standard test method for flexural properties of polymer matrix composite materials,” ASTM International D, vol. 7264, pp. 1-11, 2015. [23] A. Standard, “D2344. Standard test method for short-beam strength of polymer matrix composite materials and their laminates,” ASTM International, 2006. [24] A. International, Standard test method for compressive properties of rigid plastics: ASTM international, 2010. [25] Y. Ma, T. Yokozeki, M. Ueda, T. Sugahara, Y. Yang, and H. Hamada, “Effect of polyurethane dispersion as surface treatment for carbon fabrics on mechanical properties of carbon/Nylon composites,” Composites Science and Technology, vol. 151, pp. 268-281, 2017.

Conference: CAMX 2024 | San Diego CA

Publication Date: 2024/9/9

SKU: TP24-0000000259

Pages: 14

Price: $28.00