Title: Cyclic Response of Smart Sensing Layer for Insitu Structural Health Monitoring of Composite Materials

Authors: Zaffar M. Khan, Saad Nauman, and Mohammad A. Walid

DOI: 10.33599/nasampe/s.19.1460

Abstract: In this paper we have investigated cyclic response of smart sensing layer deposited on GFRP substrate. The smart layer was composed of a thermoplastic matrix (High density Polystyrene) and a dispersed Nano-filler (Carbon Nano-particles). This is in continuation of our earlier work where we successfully demonstrated structural health monitoring capability of such smart layers. Cyclic tests were performed to demonstrate the repeatability of the sensor as well as various characteristics such as, linearity, saturation and general response characteristics. The substrate chosen was glass fiber laminated composite comprising of 8 layers of woven fabric reinforcements fabricated using VARTM technique. The smart sensing layer was deposited on the composite specimens in the center using doctor blade and a slot die. The dynamic response of the smart layer reveals that the sensors are able to follow loading and unloading cycles without any delay. The response of the sensor is frequency dependent with saturation / noise observed at high frequency cyclic testing. The smart layer also demonstrates repeatability when cyclic loads are applied.

References: 1. Chung DDL. (2012) Carbon materials for structural self-sensing, electromagnetic shielding and thermal interfacing. Carbon 50: 3342-3353. 2. Cochrane C, Lewandowski M and Koncar V. (2010) A flexible strain sensor based on a conductive polymer composite for in situ measurement of parachute canopy deformation. Sensors 10: 8291-8303. 3. Fu T, Liu Y, Li Q, et al. (2009) Fiber optic acoustic emission sensor and its applications in the structural health monitoring of CFRP materials. Optics and Lasers in Engineering 47: 1056-1062. 4. Hamdi SE, Le Duff A, Simon L, et al. (2013) Acoustic emission pattern recognition approach based on Hilbert–Huang transform for structural health monitoring in polymer-composite materials. Applied Acoustics 74: 746-757. 5. Hierold C, Jungen A, Stampfer C, et al. (2007) Nano electromechanical sensors based on carbon nanotubes. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 136: 51-61. 6. Hu N, Karube Y, Yan C, et al. (2008) Tunneling effect in a polymer/carbon nanotube nanocomposite strain sensor. Acta Materialia 56: 2929-2936. 7. Knite M and Linarts A. (2015) Polymer/Nanographite Composites for Mechanical Impact Sensing. Graphene-Based Polymer Nanocomposites in Electronics. Springer, 223-252. 8. Ku-Herrera JJ and Avilés F. (2012) Cyclic tension and compression piezoresistivity of carbon nanotube/vinyl ester composites in the elastic and plastic regimes. Carbon 50: 2592-2598. 9. Maaskant R, Alavie T, Measures R, et al. (1997) Fiber-optic Bragg grating sensors for bridge monitoring. Cement and Concrete Composites 19: 21-33. 10. Materazzi AL, Ubertini F and D’Alessandro A. (2013) Carbon nanotube cement-based transducers for dynamic sensing of strain. Cement and Concrete Composites 37: 2-11. 11. Murukeshan V, Chan P, Ong L, et al. (2000) Cure monitoring of smart composites using fiber Bragg grating based embedded sensors. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 79: 153-161. 12. Naderi M, Kahirdeh A and Khonsari MM. (2012) Dissipated thermal energy and damage evolution of Glass/Epoxy using infrared thermography and acoustic emission. Composites Part B: Engineering 43: 1613-1620. 13. Nasir MA, Akram H, Khan ZM, et al. (2014) Smart sensing layer for the detection of damage due to defects in a laminated composite structure. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures: 1045389X14554138. 14. Nauman S, Cristian I and Koncar V. (2011a) Simultaneous application of fibrous piezoresistive sensors for compression and traction detection in glass laminate composites. Sensors 11: 9478-9498. 15. Nauman S, Cristian I and Koncar V. (2012) Intelligent carbon fibre composite based on 3D-interlock woven reinforcement. Textile Research Journal 82: 931-944. 16. Nauman S, Lapeyronnie P, Cristian I, et al. (2011b) Online measurement of structural deformations in composites. Sensors Journal, IEEE 11: 1329-1336. 17. Okuhara Y and Matsubara H. (2007) Carbon-matrix composites with continuous glass fiber and carbon black for maximum strain sensing. Carbon 45: 1152-1159. 18. Panopoulou A, Loutas T, Roulias D, et al. (2011) Dynamic fiber Bragg gratings based health monitoring system of composite aerospace structures. Acta Astronautica 69: 445-457. 19. Pham GT, Park Y-B, Liang Z, et al. (2008) Processing and modeling of conductive thermoplastic/carbon nanotube films for strain sensing. Composites Part B: Engineering 39: 209-216. 20. Sohi NJS, Bhadra S and Khastgir D. (2011) The effect of different carbon fillers on the electrical conductivity of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer-based composites and the applicability of different conductivity models. Carbon 49: 1349-1361. 21. Swait TJ, Jones FR and Hayes SA. (2012) A practical structural health monitoring system for carbon fibre reinforced composite based on electrical resistance. Composites Science and Technology 72: 1515-1523. 22. Takeda N, Okabe Y, Kuwahara J, et al. (2005) Development of smart composite structures with small-diameter fiber Bragg grating sensors for damage detection: Quantitative evaluation of delamination length in CFRP laminates using Lamb wave sensing. Composites Science and Technology 65: 2575-2587. 23. Unnthorsson R, Runarsson TP and Jonsson MT. (2008) Acoustic emission based fatigue failure criterion for CFRP. International Journal of Fatigue 30: 11-20. 24. Vertuccio L, Vittoria V, Guadagno L, et al. (2015) Strain and damage monitoring in carbon-nanotube-based composite under cyclic strain. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 25. Wang P, Takagi T, Takeno T, et al. (2013) Early fatigue damage detecting sensors—A review and prospects. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 198: 46-60. 26. Zhao J, Dai K, Liu C, et al. (2013) A comparison between strain sensing behaviors of carbon black/polypropylene and carbon nanotubes/polypropylene electrically conductive composites. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 48: 129-136. 27. Zheng S, Deng J, Yang L, et al. (2014) Investigation on the piezoresistive behavior of high-density polyethylene/carbon black films in the elastic and plastic regimes. Composites Science and Technology 97: 34-40.

Conference: SAMPE 2019 - Charlotte, NC

Publication Date: 2019/05/20

SKU: TP19--1460

Pages: 11

Price: FREE